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September 11, 2009
In 1967, almost twenty years after England created its National Health Service (NHS), the Whitehall I Study was set up to uncover the risk factors for heart disease among Britons. The study, which focused on male civil servants, found that death from heart disease among men in the lowest pay grades (for example messengers and doormen) was three times higher than that for men at the executive level. This was a surprise to the researchers, because in those days heart disease was thought to be a “businessmen’s disease.â€
All the men in the NHS study had the same access to health care, so the higher death rate for doormen could not have been a result of lack of care. Nor was it a problem of lifestyle either, since a later study found that the poor lifestyle choices of the lower level civil servants (smoking, drinking, lack of exercise) accounted for only one-third of the difference in deaths. So what was it that was causing doormen to die from heart disease in greater numbers than executives? The NHS concluded that the difference in death rates was attributable primarily to some factor related to the difference in social and economic status between these two groups of people. The researchers went on to suggest that the more unequal the distribution of wealth is in society the unhealthier that society is likely to be—in terms of both physical and mental health. In other words, the level of income inequality in a society has more influence on the health of a population than either per capita spending on health care, distribution of health care among different sectors of society, or even lifestyle choices.
In a new book, The Spirit Level: Why More Equal Societies Almost Always Do Better, authors Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett, take the Whitehall I Study a step further by comparing life expectancy and infant mortality rates with economic equality indices for 20 of the world’s richest nations. (To verify the relevance and accuracy of the model, they did the same with each of the 50 states in the U.S.) Next, they compare figures on a number of “social health†indicators, things like obesity, mental illness, drug addiction, incarceration rates, educational performance, and social mobility.
Of the 20 richest nations, Japan, Sweden, Finland and Norway consistently score the best in social health, while the UK, Portugal and the United States score the worst. It’s no statistical blip, either; the size of the differences is sobering. “Rates of mental illness are five times higher in the most . . . unequal societies. Similarly, in more unequal societies people are five times as likely to be imprisoned, six times as likely to be clinically obese, and murder rates may be many times higher . . . [while] life expectancy is 4.5 years shorter for the average American than it is for the average Japanese.†(p. 181)
See this Web site for more details: http://www.equalitytrust.org.uk/
It isn’t simply a matter of rich versus poor. One might think that the greater number of poor people in unequal societies (like ours) might tend to skew the social health index, since poor people tend to have more health and social problems than rich people. According to Wilkinson and Pickett, however, health and social problems are higher throughout unequal societies, from the top of the income ladder to the bottom. The reason America as a whole is behind the Japanese in this area is because ALL Americans are hurt by economic and social inequality, just as ALL Japanese are helped by their equality.
The authors of The Spirit Level feel that if the results of the NHS studies can “permeate the public mind†then public policy will follow. In short, if voters, politicians, and public health workers can better understand what’s making people sick in the first place, the better equipped they’ll be to prevent and treat illness. It’s not enough for the Surgeon General to scold us for being fat and recommend that we exercise more and eat less sugar. It’s not even enough to guarantee every American health care. What Americans need to do is take a closer look at our society as a whole and try to understand the links between economic inequality and sickness. While the rich get richer, everyone, rich and poor alike, is getting sicker.
As the health care debate rages on in Congress and town halls across the country, the fact of income inequality and its effect on health stands quietly in the background. Are the insurance companies and their pet politicians afraid to give us a national health care system for fear that we’ll eventually figure out what’s really making us sick? If so, they are too late. Thanks to books like The Spirit Level, we already know.
–John Repp and David Preston
Members, West Seattle Neighbors for Peace and Justice http://www.westseattleneighborsforpeace.org
Topic: highland park street lights
any word on the street lights in our neighborhood getting fixed?
To my neighbors on 54th (btwn Dakota and Andover) who think it is OK to allow their dog to bark and howl constantly beginning at 5 a.m. (and continuing to do so as I post this), I just want you to know that it is NOT OK and is extremely annoying/disruptive to my sleep – especially this time of year when we all like to have our windows open. Does your dog’s constant barking and howling not annoy you/keep you awake? This is not the first time this has occurred, I can count dozens over the past months, on one occasion the barking started at 3:00 am and lasted until 6:00. Please show some consideration for your neighbors and let your dog back in the house or quiet it down. I don’t let my dogs bark through the night and expect the same from my neighbors, not to mention that the barking in the early morning hours is a violation of the noise ordinance. I hope you read this post, recognize your bad behavior and are ashamed by it, you certainly don’t respond to a shout of QUIET! or SHUT YOUR D@#N DOG UP in the middle of the night!
My house has a lot of large windows. And I was recently in the market for a new window cleaner after the previous one, um, had some opinions about West Seattle and its much-admired #1 news source that I didn’t agree with.
I wasn’t all that excited about the guys who blanketed the neighborhood with paper fliers, especially after they were terse via e-mail with one of my neighbors who complained to them about their advertising practices.
But then came Eric Green of Crystal Green Cleaning. Eric had the good sense to read the West Seattle Blog and decide that he wasn’t going to advertise with fliers. Based on that (and a bit of research on his website) I decided to have him come out and make my windows so I could see through them again.
I’m delighted to say that he was out today and that he spent two hours cleaning my vast expanses of glass (much of which is at precarious heights off the ground). He even jumped up on the roof and cleaned a couple of clerestory windows without complaint. Eric was meticulous, punctual and didn’t scrape or break anything. His rates were even better than the old window washers.
I just wanted to pass along this good experience. I realize that window washing might be one of the things that has fallen down the list of priorities in challenging economic times. But this very nice guy is definitely a good value for the money and is well worth at least an annual visit.
http://www.crystalgreencleaning.com/
Eric Green / 206.768.5182
President Obama’s speech to school children is so important it should (in my opinion) be viewed by every family tonight right after dinner. I just called all of the neighborhood kids in to listen to what our President had to say and they all agreed that he is absolutely right! Obama isn’t saying anything new…stay in school, work hard, turn in your assignments, don’t expect to succeed the first time you try something, even Michael Jordan was cut from his high school basketball team (wow, that made an impression!) I love that he is basically repeating everything I’ve ever said to my kids all in one speech. And he’s so cool, coming from him it doesn’t sound like nagging :)!
Topic: ***FOUND DOG***
Found a female golden/reddish pit mix(?) running in the westwood neighborhood today. I have sent an email with a photo to the editor to post on the pets page. if you know a dog like this please call 206-949-1330
West Seattle, Washington
16 Saturday