Bleeping computer is a reputable site. I was a regular contributor there until I had health problems and cut down on the hours I spent retyping the same fixes over and over. I intend to get back to it but my stress level has been fairly low since I quit trying to help people who I cannot grill to get all the information needed to determine the problem.
All the locals that call me are not a problem. I usually have the right tools preinstalled on their system and/or can call them on the phone. :)
The links above in Chrisma's post are good info, especially unhide, which will make docs, music and regular files in each directory visible again.
It will also unhide some of the files windows hides by default so a couple of odd looking files will show up on the desktop in some versions.
If you want to be sure it has them all, boot with a ubuntu live cd and look at the drive. Linux uses a preceding dot to hide files on it's own files system so it ignores anything Windows/NTFS uses to hide files.
I still have not found any way to fix some of the menu items (core windows files) lost but that seems to be because the method used to create them during install is part of the proprietary links not documented in windows xp/vista/7.
I know there are programmers here in Seattle area who have enough info to fix this but it is probably not considered cost effective for MS (or any of the employed programmers I know) to pay anyone to kill a system and then dive into the code and create a fix when a reinstall (or a repair install) will do the job.
Anyone who gets caught by a variant can call me before panicking, any time the sun is up. (I get up early)
Google voice number: 8010fix -- (206) 801-0349